Galanin-like Peptide

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Galanin-like Peptide

Novel Specific Antagonist for Galanin Receptor Subtype 2

Galanin [code 4245-v (human) and code 4244-v (rat)] is one of the brain-gut peptides having various biological activities including feeding regulation. This peptide is known to be a food intake stimulator which interacts with both of the galanin receptor subtypes 1 and 2 (GalR1 and GalR2, respectively) although in a relatively non-selective manner. GalR1 is primarily expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), whereas Gal2R is expressed in both peripheral tissue and the CNS.

Galanin-like Peptide (Human, 1-60):

    Ala-Pro-Ala-His-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Gly-Trp-Thr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Gly-
    Pro-Val-Leu-His-Leu-Pro-Gln-Met-Gly-Asp-Gln-Asp-Gly-Lys-Arg-Glu-Thr-Ala-Leu-Glu-
    Ile-Leu-Asp-Leu-Trp-Lys-Ala-Ile-Asp-Gly-Leu-Pro-Tyr-Ser-His-Pro-Pro-Gln-Pro-Ser

In 1999, scientists at Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. discovered the GalR2-selective ligand in porcine hypothalamus. At the same time, they proposed the primary structures of the rat and human orthologues from the corresponding cDNA sequences[J. Biol. Chem., 274, 37041 (1999)]. This newly identified peptide, known as galanin-like peptide (GALP) is composed of 60 amino acid residues. Also, GALP (9-21) is identical to galanin (1-13) and the sequence homology among the species is high. When ¹²⁵I-labeled rat galanin is used as a ligand, porcine GALP interacts with GalR2 with an IC₅₀ value of 0.24 nM, while the corresponding value for GalR1 is 4.3 nM, clearly indicating the receptor selectivity of GALP. Since then, additional data concerning the role of rat GALP in feeding have been reported dealing with: i) stimulation of food intake in rats [Neurosci. Lett., 322, 67 (2002)], ii) control of its expression by leptin[Endocrinology, 141, 2703 (2000)], and iii) crossing the blood brain barrier[Neuroendocrinology, 74, 423 (2001)].

Recently a review article concerning the function of GALP in relation to galanin and the galanin receptor has also been published[Eur. J. Pharmacol., 440, 255 (2002), Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 28, 100 (2001)]. Although extensive research has not yet been performed with the human peptide, GALP appears to be an essential peptide for understanding the feeding control mechanism.

Code	Compound	Package
4391-s	Galanin-like Peptide (Human, 1-60)	0.1 mg vial